Main Events of Algerian War In Chrononogical Order:
This is a chronological order of all the main events that happened During the Algerian War:
1954
November 5: the French government sent military reinforcements to Algeria.
November 24: Francois Mitterand, Minster of the interior, advocates the use of force.
December: creation of the Algerian National Movement Messali Hajj. Members of the Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties are stopped.
1955
April 18-24: The FLN (National Liberation Front) participates in the Third World Conference and expresses its solidarity with Algerian fighter.
May 16: more than 100,000 men from French army in Algeria.
August 20: Killings in Philippevillois. The uprising of Muslims is severely repressed by a hundred deaths.
August 30: Because of the growing number of armed rebellion, the state of emergency is proclaimed in Algeria.
September 11: in Paris, the first manifestation of Europeans who refuse to leave Algeria.
November: Creating SAS, specialized administrative sections.
December 29: The Express makes public photographs of the illegal execution of an Algerian rebel by a French auxiliary constable in August 1955.
1956
January 20: violence in tlemcen
February 6: Guy Mollet states that "France must remain in Algeria and it will remain."
April 11: Military service is extended to 27 months
19 May: the General Union of Muslims of Algeria students invites students and intellectuals to join the FLN and the National Liberation Army.
April 22: Pierre Mendes-France , Minister of State, resigned.
May 18: In algeria, 19 french soldiers were killed after only a week
July 5: All Algerians went on strike in France and in Alger.
August 20: Congress FLN defines war aims, sets the terms of the cease-fire, peace talks and called the FLN as the only representative of the Algerian people.
September: 600,000 soldiers in Algeria.
October 22. dozens of French killed in Meknes (Morocco).
November 1: On the occasion of the second anniversary of the start of the Algerian war , many strike took place in Algiers. Upsurge of terrorism in Algeria. The first bombings perpetrated by the FLN in Algiers. racist attacks in Algiers from the French
15 november:United Nations put the Algerian conflict as their main priority.
27 december: assassination of Amédée Froger, president of the Association of Mayors of Algeria.
1957
7 January beginning of the Battle of Algiers
January,February:. Bombing against civilians and soldiers, more than 30 deaths and 100 injured.
End of February: FLN leaders arrested
26 February: the daily Humanity publishes a letter from a French soldier who denounced the use of torture by the French army in Algeria.
March: Larbi Ben hidi ME, At the origin of the creation of the FLN, is murdered by the paratroopers of the colonel Bigeard after having been tortured.
28 May: massacre of the civilian population by the National Liberation Front (FLN). casualties: 301 dead and 14 wounded.
September 20: the United Nations includes the Algerian question on its agenda.
1958
April 15: French Gaillard gouvernment resigns. Ministerial Crisis in France.
April 26: demonstrations in Algiers in favor of French Algeria.
May 9: after the announcement by the FLN of the execution of 3 military prisoners french, numerous demonstrations in Paris and Algiers opposing the FLN.
June 1: the National Assembly invests de Gaulle by 339 votes against 224.
June 4: In a speech in Algiers, de Gaulle said to the Europeans "I have understood you".
28 September: the new Constitution is approved by referendum (79% yes in metropolis, 95% in Algeria). Birth of the Fifth French Republic on 5 October.
3 October: de Gaulle announces to Constantine a 5 year development plan for Algeria.
October 23: in a press conference, de Gaulle proposed to the FLN the peace of the brave.
21 December: de Gaulle was elected president of the French Republic.
1959
January 30: de Gaulle renews the offer of peace in Algeria.
16 September: de Gaulle proclaimed the right of Algerians to self-determination through a referendum.
November 10:appeal of de Gaulle to the cease-fire.
1960
January 24: beginning of the week of barricades in Algiers. 22 Dead and 150 injured the first day.
February 13: explosion of the first French atomic bomb on the Sahara
3 - 5 March: De Gaulle in Algeria insisted on the need for a complete victory and the right of France to remain in Algeria, but spoke of a "Algeria Algerian linked to France". It renews the offer of negotiations.
September 6: publication of the "Manifesto of 121" on the right to civil disobedience in Algeria.
October: cobs of Algerians in Paris and in suburban
9/12 December: last trip to De Gaulle in Algeria. violence in Algiers, for the support to the FLN and to the independence of Algeria.
December 20: the United Nations recognizes to Algeria the right to self-determination.
1961
8 January: by referendum, the French voted to 75% for the right to self-determination of the Algerian people.
End of January: creation of the Organization secret army (OAS) bringing together European activists against the independence of Algeria.
20 May/June 13: first discussions of Evian.
August/September: many attacks of the FLN and the OAS in Algeria.
17 October: demonstrations of several tens of thousands of Algerians in the streets of Paris. Dozens of deaths, hundreds of injuries and more than 10,000 arrests. Bodies are thrown into the Seine.
Autumn:attacks of the OAS in Algeria. Arrival in Algiers of special brigades anti-OAS, the
March: Larbi Ben hidi ME, At the origin of the creation of the FLN, is murdered by the paratroopers of the colonel Bigeard after having been tortured.
28 May: the massacre of the civilian population of the douar Melouza by the National Liberation Front (FLN). Balance Sheet: 301 dead and 14 wounded.
September 20: the United Nations included the Algerian question on its agenda.
December: violent fighting in the is-Constantinois. Assassination of Abane Ramdane, Main organizer of the Congress of the Soummam.
1958
April 15: the government's resignation Gaillard. Ministerial Crisis in France.
April 26: demonstrations in Algiers in favor of French Algeria. 30,000 Denigrated are asking the Government of public salvation after the fall of the government Gaillard.
May 9: after the announcement by the FLN of the execution of 3 military prisoners french, vive indignation and numerous demonstrations in Paris and Algiers.
June 1: the National Assembly invests de Gaulle by 339 votes against 224.
June 4: In a speech in Algiers, de Gaulle said to the Europeans "I have understood you".
28 September: the new Constitution is approved by referendum (79% yes in metropolis, 95% in Algeria). Birth of the Fifth Republic on 5 October.
3 October: de Gaulle announces to Constantine a development plan in 5 years for Algeria.
October 23:in a press conference, de Gaulle proposed to the FLN the peace of the brave.
21 December: de Gaulle was elected president of the Republic.
1959
January 30: de Gaulle renews the offer of peace in Algeria.
16 September: de Gaulle proclaimed the right of Algerians to self-determination through a referendum, proposed secession, frenchified, association.
28 September: the-les-Bains refuses the proposal of de Gaulle . It requires the total independence before any discussion.
November 10:appeal of de Gaulle to the cease-fire.
1960
January 24: beginning of the week of barricades in Algiers. 22 Dead and 150 injured the first day.
February 13: explosion of the first atomic bomb the french Sahara
3 - 5 March: De Gaulle in Algeria insisted on the need for a complete victory and the right of France to remain in Algeria, but spoke of a "Algeria Algerian linked to France". It renews the offer of negotiations.
September 6: publication of the "Manifesto of 121" on the right to civil disobedience in Algeria.
October: cobs of Algerians in Paris and in suburban
9/12 December: last trip to De Gaulle in Algeria . Popular demonstrations violent in Algiers, for the support to the FLN, The-les-Bains and to the independence of Algeria.
December 20: the United Nations recognizes to Algeria the right to self-determination.
1961
8 January: by referendum, the French voted to 75% for the right to self-determination of the Algerian people.
End of January: creation of the Organization secret army (OAS) bringing together European activists against the independence of Algeria.
20 May/June 13:first discussions of Evian.
August/September: many attacks of the FLN and the OAS in Algeria.
17 October: several tens of thousands of Algerians in the streets of Paris. Dozens of deaths, hundreds of injuries and more than 10,000 arrests. Bodies are thrown into the Seine.
Autumn:attacks of the OAS in Algeria. Arrival in Algiers of special brigades anti-OAS, the "gangster elements working".
19 December: the CGT, the CFDT, the UNEF, the PSU and the CPF in favor of the negotiations with Algeria and against the OAS, which led to many attacks and assassinations of officers, commissioners and judges of the metropolis.
1962
January: attacks in Algiers and in metropolis committed by the OAS and the anti-OAS.
March 7: openings for the Evian negotiations.
March 16: signing of the agreements of Evian. They include a cease-fire agreement, applicable on 19 March to 12 h, and statements issued by the 2 parties.
19 March: official announcement of the cease-fire in Algeria.
26 March: in Algiers, the French troops opened fire on a crowd of Europeans demonstrating against the Evian agreements, leading to 46 dead and 200 injured.
April 8: referendum in metropolis. 90.7 Per cent of the voters approve the Evian agreements.
1 July : referendum of self-determination in Algeria. The independence is approved by 99.72 per cent of voters.
3 July: de Gaulle recognizes the independence of Algeria.
1954
November 5: the French government sent military reinforcements to Algeria.
November 24: Francois Mitterand, Minster of the interior, advocates the use of force.
December: creation of the Algerian National Movement Messali Hajj. Members of the Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties are stopped.
1955
April 18-24: The FLN (National Liberation Front) participates in the Third World Conference and expresses its solidarity with Algerian fighter.
May 16: more than 100,000 men from French army in Algeria.
August 20: Killings in Philippevillois. The uprising of Muslims is severely repressed by a hundred deaths.
August 30: Because of the growing number of armed rebellion, the state of emergency is proclaimed in Algeria.
September 11: in Paris, the first manifestation of Europeans who refuse to leave Algeria.
November: Creating SAS, specialized administrative sections.
December 29: The Express makes public photographs of the illegal execution of an Algerian rebel by a French auxiliary constable in August 1955.
1956
January 20: violence in tlemcen
February 6: Guy Mollet states that "France must remain in Algeria and it will remain."
April 11: Military service is extended to 27 months
19 May: the General Union of Muslims of Algeria students invites students and intellectuals to join the FLN and the National Liberation Army.
April 22: Pierre Mendes-France , Minister of State, resigned.
May 18: In algeria, 19 french soldiers were killed after only a week
July 5: All Algerians went on strike in France and in Alger.
August 20: Congress FLN defines war aims, sets the terms of the cease-fire, peace talks and called the FLN as the only representative of the Algerian people.
September: 600,000 soldiers in Algeria.
October 22. dozens of French killed in Meknes (Morocco).
November 1: On the occasion of the second anniversary of the start of the Algerian war , many strike took place in Algiers. Upsurge of terrorism in Algeria. The first bombings perpetrated by the FLN in Algiers. racist attacks in Algiers from the French
15 november:United Nations put the Algerian conflict as their main priority.
27 december: assassination of Amédée Froger, president of the Association of Mayors of Algeria.
1957
7 January beginning of the Battle of Algiers
January,February:. Bombing against civilians and soldiers, more than 30 deaths and 100 injured.
End of February: FLN leaders arrested
26 February: the daily Humanity publishes a letter from a French soldier who denounced the use of torture by the French army in Algeria.
March: Larbi Ben hidi ME, At the origin of the creation of the FLN, is murdered by the paratroopers of the colonel Bigeard after having been tortured.
28 May: massacre of the civilian population by the National Liberation Front (FLN). casualties: 301 dead and 14 wounded.
September 20: the United Nations includes the Algerian question on its agenda.
1958
April 15: French Gaillard gouvernment resigns. Ministerial Crisis in France.
April 26: demonstrations in Algiers in favor of French Algeria.
May 9: after the announcement by the FLN of the execution of 3 military prisoners french, numerous demonstrations in Paris and Algiers opposing the FLN.
June 1: the National Assembly invests de Gaulle by 339 votes against 224.
June 4: In a speech in Algiers, de Gaulle said to the Europeans "I have understood you".
28 September: the new Constitution is approved by referendum (79% yes in metropolis, 95% in Algeria). Birth of the Fifth French Republic on 5 October.
3 October: de Gaulle announces to Constantine a 5 year development plan for Algeria.
October 23: in a press conference, de Gaulle proposed to the FLN the peace of the brave.
21 December: de Gaulle was elected president of the French Republic.
1959
January 30: de Gaulle renews the offer of peace in Algeria.
16 September: de Gaulle proclaimed the right of Algerians to self-determination through a referendum.
November 10:appeal of de Gaulle to the cease-fire.
1960
January 24: beginning of the week of barricades in Algiers. 22 Dead and 150 injured the first day.
February 13: explosion of the first French atomic bomb on the Sahara
3 - 5 March: De Gaulle in Algeria insisted on the need for a complete victory and the right of France to remain in Algeria, but spoke of a "Algeria Algerian linked to France". It renews the offer of negotiations.
September 6: publication of the "Manifesto of 121" on the right to civil disobedience in Algeria.
October: cobs of Algerians in Paris and in suburban
9/12 December: last trip to De Gaulle in Algeria. violence in Algiers, for the support to the FLN and to the independence of Algeria.
December 20: the United Nations recognizes to Algeria the right to self-determination.
1961
8 January: by referendum, the French voted to 75% for the right to self-determination of the Algerian people.
End of January: creation of the Organization secret army (OAS) bringing together European activists against the independence of Algeria.
20 May/June 13: first discussions of Evian.
August/September: many attacks of the FLN and the OAS in Algeria.
17 October: demonstrations of several tens of thousands of Algerians in the streets of Paris. Dozens of deaths, hundreds of injuries and more than 10,000 arrests. Bodies are thrown into the Seine.
Autumn:attacks of the OAS in Algeria. Arrival in Algiers of special brigades anti-OAS, the
March: Larbi Ben hidi ME, At the origin of the creation of the FLN, is murdered by the paratroopers of the colonel Bigeard after having been tortured.
28 May: the massacre of the civilian population of the douar Melouza by the National Liberation Front (FLN). Balance Sheet: 301 dead and 14 wounded.
September 20: the United Nations included the Algerian question on its agenda.
December: violent fighting in the is-Constantinois. Assassination of Abane Ramdane, Main organizer of the Congress of the Soummam.
1958
April 15: the government's resignation Gaillard. Ministerial Crisis in France.
April 26: demonstrations in Algiers in favor of French Algeria. 30,000 Denigrated are asking the Government of public salvation after the fall of the government Gaillard.
May 9: after the announcement by the FLN of the execution of 3 military prisoners french, vive indignation and numerous demonstrations in Paris and Algiers.
June 1: the National Assembly invests de Gaulle by 339 votes against 224.
June 4: In a speech in Algiers, de Gaulle said to the Europeans "I have understood you".
28 September: the new Constitution is approved by referendum (79% yes in metropolis, 95% in Algeria). Birth of the Fifth Republic on 5 October.
3 October: de Gaulle announces to Constantine a development plan in 5 years for Algeria.
October 23:in a press conference, de Gaulle proposed to the FLN the peace of the brave.
21 December: de Gaulle was elected president of the Republic.
1959
January 30: de Gaulle renews the offer of peace in Algeria.
16 September: de Gaulle proclaimed the right of Algerians to self-determination through a referendum, proposed secession, frenchified, association.
28 September: the-les-Bains refuses the proposal of de Gaulle . It requires the total independence before any discussion.
November 10:appeal of de Gaulle to the cease-fire.
1960
January 24: beginning of the week of barricades in Algiers. 22 Dead and 150 injured the first day.
February 13: explosion of the first atomic bomb the french Sahara
3 - 5 March: De Gaulle in Algeria insisted on the need for a complete victory and the right of France to remain in Algeria, but spoke of a "Algeria Algerian linked to France". It renews the offer of negotiations.
September 6: publication of the "Manifesto of 121" on the right to civil disobedience in Algeria.
October: cobs of Algerians in Paris and in suburban
9/12 December: last trip to De Gaulle in Algeria . Popular demonstrations violent in Algiers, for the support to the FLN, The-les-Bains and to the independence of Algeria.
December 20: the United Nations recognizes to Algeria the right to self-determination.
1961
8 January: by referendum, the French voted to 75% for the right to self-determination of the Algerian people.
End of January: creation of the Organization secret army (OAS) bringing together European activists against the independence of Algeria.
20 May/June 13:first discussions of Evian.
August/September: many attacks of the FLN and the OAS in Algeria.
17 October: several tens of thousands of Algerians in the streets of Paris. Dozens of deaths, hundreds of injuries and more than 10,000 arrests. Bodies are thrown into the Seine.
Autumn:attacks of the OAS in Algeria. Arrival in Algiers of special brigades anti-OAS, the "gangster elements working".
19 December: the CGT, the CFDT, the UNEF, the PSU and the CPF in favor of the negotiations with Algeria and against the OAS, which led to many attacks and assassinations of officers, commissioners and judges of the metropolis.
1962
January: attacks in Algiers and in metropolis committed by the OAS and the anti-OAS.
March 7: openings for the Evian negotiations.
March 16: signing of the agreements of Evian. They include a cease-fire agreement, applicable on 19 March to 12 h, and statements issued by the 2 parties.
19 March: official announcement of the cease-fire in Algeria.
26 March: in Algiers, the French troops opened fire on a crowd of Europeans demonstrating against the Evian agreements, leading to 46 dead and 200 injured.
April 8: referendum in metropolis. 90.7 Per cent of the voters approve the Evian agreements.
1 July : referendum of self-determination in Algeria. The independence is approved by 99.72 per cent of voters.
3 July: de Gaulle recognizes the independence of Algeria.
May 8, 1945. While France celebrates VE Day, Muslim protesters in Sétif organize to demand Algerian independence. What begins as a march becomes a massacre: the protesters murder more than 100 European settlers, or pieds-noirs, and French armed forces retaliate by killing (according to various estimates) between 1,000 and 45,000 Muslims.
November 1, 1954. Emboldened by the French defeat at Dien Bien Phu, the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN) launches armed revolts throughout Algeria and issues a proclamation calling for a sovereign Algerian state. The French are unimpressed but deploy troops to monitor the situation.
August 1955. The FLN begins targeting civilians, inciting a mob that kills more than 120 people in Philippeville. Between 1,200 and 12,000 Muslims are killed in retaliation by French troops and by pied-noir “vigilante committees.” Jacques Soustelle, then governor-general of French Algeria, resolves not to compromise with the revolutionaries.
September 30, 1956. The FLN attempts to draw international attention to the conflict by targeting urban areas. The Battle of Algiers begins when three women plant bombs in public venues. Algiers erupts into violence.
May 1958. A mob of pieds-noirs, angered by the French government’s failure to suppress the revolution, storms the offices of the governor-general in Algiers. With the support of French army officers, they clamor for Charles de Gaulle to be installed as the leader of France. The French National Assembly approves. De Gaulle is greeted in Algeria by Muslims and Europeans alike.
September 1959. Increasingly convinced that French control of Algeria is untenable, de Gaulle pronounces that “self-determination” is necessary for Algeria. Pied-noir extremists are aghast. The FLN is wary of de Gaulle’s declaration.
April 1961. A few prominent generals in the French army in Algeria, clinging to a hope of preserving Algérie française, attempt to overthrow de Gaulle. This “generals’ putsch” is unsuccessful.
May 1961. The first round of negotiations between the French government and the FLN commences in Evian, but is not productive.
March 1962. After a second round of negotiations in Evian, the French government declares a cease-fire.
March–June 1962. Despairing pieds-noirs in the Organisation de l’Armée Secrète (OAS) mount terrorist attacks against civilians (Muslim and French). The FLN and the OAS ultimately conclude a truce.
July 1, 1962. A referendum is held in Algeria to approve the Evian Agreements, which call for an Algérie algérienne. Six million Algerians cast their ballots for independence.
November 1, 1954. Emboldened by the French defeat at Dien Bien Phu, the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN) launches armed revolts throughout Algeria and issues a proclamation calling for a sovereign Algerian state. The French are unimpressed but deploy troops to monitor the situation.
August 1955. The FLN begins targeting civilians, inciting a mob that kills more than 120 people in Philippeville. Between 1,200 and 12,000 Muslims are killed in retaliation by French troops and by pied-noir “vigilante committees.” Jacques Soustelle, then governor-general of French Algeria, resolves not to compromise with the revolutionaries.
September 30, 1956. The FLN attempts to draw international attention to the conflict by targeting urban areas. The Battle of Algiers begins when three women plant bombs in public venues. Algiers erupts into violence.
May 1958. A mob of pieds-noirs, angered by the French government’s failure to suppress the revolution, storms the offices of the governor-general in Algiers. With the support of French army officers, they clamor for Charles de Gaulle to be installed as the leader of France. The French National Assembly approves. De Gaulle is greeted in Algeria by Muslims and Europeans alike.
September 1959. Increasingly convinced that French control of Algeria is untenable, de Gaulle pronounces that “self-determination” is necessary for Algeria. Pied-noir extremists are aghast. The FLN is wary of de Gaulle’s declaration.
April 1961. A few prominent generals in the French army in Algeria, clinging to a hope of preserving Algérie française, attempt to overthrow de Gaulle. This “generals’ putsch” is unsuccessful.
May 1961. The first round of negotiations between the French government and the FLN commences in Evian, but is not productive.
March 1962. After a second round of negotiations in Evian, the French government declares a cease-fire.
March–June 1962. Despairing pieds-noirs in the Organisation de l’Armée Secrète (OAS) mount terrorist attacks against civilians (Muslim and French). The FLN and the OAS ultimately conclude a truce.
July 1, 1962. A referendum is held in Algeria to approve the Evian Agreements, which call for an Algérie algérienne. Six million Algerians cast their ballots for independence.